The participants would be recruited from identified scenarios of traumatic entrapment including, but not limited to, victims of hostage trauma, extreme domestic violence (emotional, physical, or both), and traumatic sex trafficking and current measures for Narcissistic Personality Disorder are used to establish a baseline for initial research. The current study forwards a hypothesis that victims of traumatic entrapment that exhibit symptoms of Narcissistic Victim Syndrome will also exhibit symptoms of Narcissistic Personality Disorder. Continued work in this area is a push toward understanding and assisting those who have been through traumatic entrapment circumstances in a more meaningful way. Narcissistic Victim Syndrome is an area that remains unexplored and without established methods, procedures, or guidelines. This may be due to reporting and publication bias. There is little published academic research on 'Stockholm syndrome' although study of media reports reveals similarities between well publicized cases. Four common features were found between the five cases studied. No validated diagnostic criteria have been described. The existing literature consists mostly of case reports furthermore there is ambiguity in the use of the term. We identified 12 papers that met inclusion criteria.
We compared features of cases widely reported in the English language media to identify common themes which may form a recognizable syndrome.
Here we review the evidence base on 'Stockholm syndrome'.ĭatabases (PubMED, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL) were systematically searched. High-profile cases are reported by the media although the diagnosis is not described in any international classification system. News accounts reported that upon hearing about his death, Natascha “wept inconsolably,” leading some to believe she had Stockholm syndrome.'Stockholm syndrome' is a term used to describe the positive bond some kidnap victims develop with their captor. Natascha eventually escaped, and her captor killed himself. Her captor showed kindness sometimes, but he also beat and threatened to kill her. She was kept in an underground room for more than eight years. Natascha Kampusch: Natascha was kidnapped in 1998 at the age of 10.Yet she was still found guilty and sentenced to 35 years in prison as the jury did not believe she actually had Stockholm syndrome. She used Stockholm syndrome as her defense on trial. During her captivity, she renounced her family, took on a new name, and joined her captors in robbing banks. Patty Hearst: The granddaughter of businessman and newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst was kidnapped by the Symbionese Liberation Army in 1974.
When released, she publicly expressed sympathy for her captors, and she struggled to name them when they were placed on trial.
She was chained to walls in an abandoned farmhouse as the kidnappers demanded ransom from her family.
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